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M91 FastHall measurement controller specifications

Measurement performance

		Voltage measurement range
		1 mV	10 mV	100 mV	1 V	10 V
1 µA	Full-scale resistance	1 kΩ	10 kΩ	100 kΩ	1 MΩ	10 MΩ
	Accuracy (1 year) calibration temperature °C ± 5 °C ± % reading¹	0.2%	0.06%	0.06%	**	**
	Temperature coefficient/°C 10 °C to 35 °C ≤ 65% RH non-condensing ± % reading (typical)	0.001%	0.001%	0.001%	**	**
10 µA	Full-scale resistance	100 Ω	1 kΩ	10 kΩ	100 kΩ	1 MΩ
	Accuracy (1 year) calibration temperature °C ± 5 °C ± % reading¹	0.2%	0.06%	0.06%	0.06%	**
	Temperature coefficient/°C 10 °C to 35 °C ≤ 65% RH non-condensing ± % reading (typical)	0.001%	0.001%	0.001%	0.001%	**
100 µA	Full-scale resistance	10 Ω	100 Ω	1 kΩ	10 kΩ	100 kΩ
	Accuracy (1 year) calibration temperature °C ± 5 °C ± % reading¹	0.2%	0.2%	0.06%	0.06%	0.06%
	Temperature coefficient/°C 10 °C to 35 °C ≤ 65% RH non-condensing ± % reading (typical)	0.001%	0.001%	0.001%	0.001%	0.5%
1 mA	Full-scale resistance	1 Ω	10 Ω	100 Ω	1 kΩ	10 kΩ
	Accuracy (1 year) calibration temperature °C ± 5 °C ± % reading¹	0.2%	0.2%	0.2%	0.06%	0.06%
	Temperature coefficient/°C 10 °C to 35 °C ≤ 65% RH non-condensing ± % reading (typical)	0.001%	0.001%	0.001%	0.001%	0.5%
10 mA	Full-scale resistance	0.1 Ω	1 Ω	10 Ω	100 Ω	1 kΩ
	Accuracy (1 year) calibration temperature °C ± 5 °C ± % reading¹	0.5%	0.2%	0.2%	0.2%	0.2%
	Temperature coefficient/°C 10 °C to 35 °C ≤ 65% RH non-condensing ± % reading (typical)	0.001%	0.001%	0.001%	0.001%	0.5%
100 mA	Full-scale resistance	0.01 Ω	0.1 Ω	1 Ω	10 Ω	100 Ω
	Accuracy (1 year) calibration temperature °C ± 5 °C ± % reading^1,2	2.0%	0.2%	0.2%	0.2%	**
	Temperature coefficient/°C 10 °C to 35 °C ≤ 65% RH non-condensing ± % reading (typical)	0.001%	0.001%	0.001%	0.001%	**

** Range available, not specified
¹Calibration temperature is the ambient temperature during factor calibration; typically, 23 °C; reported by the instrument.
²Guaranteed when lead resistance is 0.1 Ω or less
All accuracies based on current reversal measurements.

		Current measurement range
		1 nA	100 µA	10 mA	100 mA
10 mV	Full-scale resistance	1 MΩ	1 kΩ	1 Ω	0.1 Ω
	Accuracy (1 year) calibration temperature °C ± 5 °C ± % reading¹	0.5%	**	**	**
	Temperature coefficient/°C 10 °C to 35 °C ≤ 65% RH non-condensing ± % reading (typical)	0.001%	**	**	**
100 mV	Full-scale resistance	10 MΩ	10 kΩ	10 Ω	1 Ω
	Accuracy (1 year) calibration temperature °C ± 5 °C ± % reading¹	0.5%	**	**	**
	Temperature coefficient/°C 10 °C to 35 °C ≤ 65% RH non-condensing ± % reading (typical)	0.001%	**	**	**
1 V	Full-scale resistance	100 MΩ	100 kΩ	100 Ω	10 Ω
	Accuracy (1 year) calibration temperature °C ± 5 °C ± % reading¹	0.8%	0.5%	**	**
	Temperature coefficient/°C 10 °C to 35 °C ≤ 65% RH non-condensing ± % reading (typical)	0.001%	0.001%	**	**
10 V	Full-scale resistance	1 GΩ	1 MΩ	1 kΩ	100 Ω
	Accuracy (1 year) calibration temperature °C ± 5 °C ± % reading¹	0.5%	0.5%	**	**
	Temperature coefficient/°C 10 °C to 35 °C ≤ 65% RH non-condensing ± % reading (typical)	0.001%	0.001%	**	**

** Range available, not specified
¹Calibration temperature is the ambient temperature during factor calibration; typically, 23 °C; reported by the instrument. All accuracies based on current reversal measurements.

Current measurement range	DC Accuracy (1 year) calibration temperature °C ± 5 °C ± % reading¹
10 mA	0.3%
100 mA	0.3%

¹ Calibration temperature is the ambient temperature during factor calibration; typically, 23 °C; reported by the instrument. All accuracies based on current reversal measurements.

Voltage and current excitation specifications

Voltage excitation range	Programming resolution (0.001%)	Temperature coefficient/°C 10 °C to 35 °C ± (% setting + offset), typical
10 mV	100 nV	0.06% + 4 µV
100 mV	1 µV	0.005% + 4 µV
1 V	10 µV	0.0004% + 20 µV
10 V	100 µV	0.0004% + 200 µV
Current excitation range	Programming resolution (0.001%)	Temperature coefficient/°C 10 °C to 35 °C ± (% setting + offset), typical
1 µA	10 pA	0.002% + 9 pA
10 µA	100 pA	0.0004% + 20 pA
100 µA	1 nA	0.0004% + 90 pA
1 mA	10 nA	0.0004% + 40 pA
10 mA	100 nA	0.0004% + 4 nA
100 mA	1 µA	0.0004% + 40 nA

Voltage and current measurement specifications

Voltage measurement range	Temperature coefficient/°C 10 °C to 35 °C ± (% setting + offset), typical
1 mV	50 nV
10 mV	50 nV
100 mV	200 nV
1 V	2 µV
10 V	20 µV
Current measurement range	Temperature coefficient/°C 10 °C to 35 °C ± (% setting + offset), typical
10 nA	2 pA
10 µA	7 pA
10 mA	7 nA
100 mA	70 nA

Hall measurement

FastHall™ method (no physical field reversal) — van der Pauw samples
Traditional method — Hall bar and van der Pauw samples

Derived parameters

Hall coefficient, Hall mobility, resistivity, carrier concentration

Resistivity range

M91 resistance range 10 mΩ to 10 MΩ
M91 with M9-ADD-HR (high resistance option) resistance range 10 mΩ to 200 GΩ

Hall mobility range

0.001 to 10⁶ cm²/V ‍s

Programmable limits

I out: compliance voltage; V out: current limit
Positive output: ±5% of setting (when setting is >10% of its full-scale range)
Negative output: ±5% of setting (when setting is >10% of its full-scale range)
Programming resolution current limit: 0.1% of full-scale current range (auto selected)
Programming resolution voltage limit: 10 mV

Analog input

Analog input raw signal accuracy: ±300 mV of reading
Raw analog input voltage range: ±11 V
Safe input voltage range: ±15 V

Analog output

Analog output raw signal accuracy: ±300 mV of setting
Raw analog output voltage range: ±11 V rails, ±15 V max during overload

Digital input

Number of independent inputs: 4
Input isolation: Optical
Maximum low-level input voltage: 1 V
Minimum high-level input voltage: 4 V
Safe input voltage range: -5 V to 32 V

Digital output

Number of independent outputs: 4
Relay type: Solid state
Digital output relay max current: 1.5 A
Digital output relay max voltage: 32 V

Rear panel test connectors

Sample connections: 6 individual 3-lug socket triaxial connectors
Analog input BNC
Analog output BNC
10-pin Phoenix connector for digital output
10-pin Phoenix connector for digital input
2-pin Phoenix connector for ground 1

Front panel

Display: 5 in capacitive touch, color TFT-LCD WVGA (800 × 480) with LED backlight

Interface

USB host
      Type: USB 3.0, mass storage class (MSC) device
      Function: Firmware updates, flash drive support
      Location: Rear panel
      Connector: USB Type-C™

USB device
      Type: USB 2.0
      Function: Emulates a standard RS-232 serial port
      Protocol: Standard commands for programmable instruments (SCPI)
      Baud rate: 115,200
      Connector: USB Type-B
      Software support: LabVIEW™ and IVI.NET drivers (coming soon)

Ethernet
      Function: TCP/IP command and control, mobile app
      Application layer protocol: Standard commands for programmable instruments (SCPI)
      Connector: RJ-45
      Speed: 1 Gb/s
      Software support: LabVIEW™ and IVI.NET drivers (coming soon)

General

Operating conditions: 23 °C ±5 °C at rated accuracy; 10 °C to 35 °C at reduced accuracy, <70% RH non-condensing

Instrument maximum field exposure: Operational limit <10 mT DC, 1 mT RMS; Guaranteed performance <2 mT RMS

Power requirement: 100 V to 240 V (universal input), 50 to 60 Hz, 30 VA

Size: 216 mm W × 87 mm H × 369 mm D (8.5 in × 3.4 in × 14.5 in), half rack

Weight: 6.4 kg (14 lb)

Approval: CE mark

Warm-up time: 30 min

Power consumption: 35 W maximum