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| Home > Products > Cryogenic Accessories > Wire |
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Abbreviations used in this section: |
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American Wire Gauge .................... |
AWG |
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Nichrome Heater Wire .................... |
NC |
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Single Lead Wire .......................... |
SL |
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Heavy Duty Lead Wire ................... |
HD |
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Duo-Twist™ Wire ......................... |
DT |
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Manganin Wire ............................ |
MW |
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Quad-Twist™ Wire ........................ |
QT |
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Copper Twisted ........................... |
CT |
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Quad-Lead™ Wire ........................ |
QL |
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Nonmagnetic ............................... |
NM |
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| Material Properties |
Phosphor bronze |
Copper |
Nichrome |
Manganin |
| Melting range |
1223 K to 1323 K |
1356 K |
1673 K |
1293 K |
| Coefficient of thermal expansion |
1.78 × 10-5 |
20 × 10-6 |
— |
19 × 10-6 |
| Chemical composition (nominal) |
94.8 % copper, 5% tin,
0.2% phosphorus |
— |
80% nickel,
20% chromium
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83% copper,
13% manganese, 4% nickel |
Electrical resistivity
(at 293 K) |
11 µW•cm |
1.7 µW•cm |
120 µW•cm |
48 µW•cm |
Thermal conductivity (W/(m•K))
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0.1 K |
NA |
9 |
NA |
0.006 |
| 0.4 K |
NA |
30 |
NA |
0.02 |
| 1 K |
0.22 |
70 |
NA |
0.06 |
| 4 K |
1.6 |
300 |
0.25 |
0.5 |
| 10 K |
4.6 |
700 |
0.7 |
2 |
| 20 K |
10 |
1100 |
2.6 |
3.3 |
| 80 K |
25 |
600 |
8 |
13 |
| 150 K |
34 |
410 |
9.5 |
16 |
| 300 K |
48 |
400 |
12 |
22 |
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AWG |
Resistance (W/m) |
Diameter (mm) |
Fuse current air (A) |
Fuse current vacuum (A) |
Number
of leads |
Name |
Insulated
diameter
(mm)
|
Insulation
type
|
Insulation
thermal
rating (K) |
Insulation
breakdown
voltage (VDC) |
4.2 K |
77 K |
305 K |
Phosphor
Bronze
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32 |
3.34 |
3.45 |
4.02 |
0.203 |
4.2 |
3.1 |
1 |
SL-32 |
0.241 |
Polyimide |
493 |
400 |
2 |
DT-32 |
0.241 |
Polyimide |
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QT-32 |
0.241 |
Polyimide |
QL-32 |
0.241 |
Polyimide |
36 |
8.56 |
8.83 |
10.3 |
0.127 |
2.6 |
1.4 |
1 |
SL-36 |
0.152 |
Formvar® |
368 |
250 |
2 |
DT-36 |
0.152 |
Polyimide |
493 |
400 |
4 |
QT-36 |
0.152 |
Formvar® |
368 |
250 |
QL-36 |
0.152 |
Polyimide |
493 |
400 |
| Nichrome |
32 |
33.2 |
33.4 |
34 |
0.203 |
2.5 |
1.8 |
1 |
NC-32 |
0.241 |
Polyimide |
493 |
400 |
Copper
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30 |
0.003 |
0.04 |
0.32 |
0.254 |
10.2 |
8.8 |
1 |
HD-30 |
0.635 |
Teflon® |
473 |
250 |
34 |
0.0076 |
0.101 |
0.81 |
0.160 |
5.1 |
4.4 |
2 |
CT-34 |
0.254 |
Teflon® |
473 |
100 |
| Manganin |
30 |
8.64 |
9.13 |
9.69 |
0.254 |
4.6 |
4.3 |
1 |
MW-30 |
0.295 |
Heavy Formvar® |
378 |
400 |
32 |
13.5 |
14.3 |
15.1 |
0.203 |
3.8 |
3.5 |
1 |
MW-32 |
0.241 |
Heavy Formvar® |
400 |
36 |
34.6 |
36.5 |
38.8 |
0.127 |
2.6 |
2.5 |
1 |
MW-36 |
0.152 |
Heavy Formvar® |
250 |
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Phosphor Bronze Wire
Phosphor bronze wires (QL, QT, DT and NM), are suitable for almost all cryogenic applications. The low magnetoresistance of these wires make them the ideal choice for magnetic field use.
Physical Properties
Melting range: 1223 K to 1323 K (950 °C to 1050 °C)
Coefficient of thermal expansion: 1.78 × 10-5
Thermal conductivity: 48 W/(m • K) at 293 K
Electrical resistivity (annealed): 1.15 × 10-7 W • m at 293 K
Specific heat: 376.4 J/(kg • K)
Stress relief temperature (1 h): 423 K to 498 K (150 °C to 225 °C) Chemical composition: nominal 94.8% copper, 5% tin, 0.2% phosphorus
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Polyvinyl Formal (Formvar®)
Magnet wire is insulated with vinyl acetal resin, as a smooth uniform film. Formvar® has excellent mechanical properties such as abrasion resistance and flexibility. The film will stand excessive elongation without rupture. When stressed during winding, Formvar® has a tendency to craze upon contact with solvents such as toluol, naphtha, and xylol, therefore, it should be given an annealing preheat prior to varnish application. Formvar® can be removed mechanically during terminal preparation. Formvar® is rated to 3525 VAC for 32 AWG, 2525 VAC for 36 AWG. |
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Polyimide (ML)
ML is a film coated insulation made with polyimide resin. It is a Class 220 thermal life insulation with exceptional resistance to chemical solvents and burnout. It will operate at temperatures in excess of 493 K (220 °C) for intermittent duty. ML is unaffected by prolonged exposure to varnish solvents and is compatible with virtually all systems. Polyimide insulation is rated to 3525 VAC for 32 AWG, 2525 VAC for 36 AWG. |
| Note: At Lake Shore, we strip both Formvar® and Polyimide mechanically using an Eraser Rush Model RT-2 mechanical stripper. |
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